Previous slide
Next slide
Toggle fullscreen
Open presenter view
5.1 Adaptation
Habitat
Definition:
The natural home or environment of an animal, plant, or other organism.
Adaptations of Plants and Animals to Different Habitats
Organisms develop special features or behaviors to survive and thrive in their specific habitats.
Aquatic Habitat
Adaptations in Plants
Floating Plants (e.g., Water Hyacinth):
Light/spongy bodies, air-filled cavities, poorly developed roots.
Submerged Plants (e.g., Hydrilla):
Thin/flexible stems, narrow/dissected leaves, no stomata.
Fixed Plants (e.g., Water Lily):
Roots fixed, long/hollow stems, large flat leaves with stomata on upper side.
Aquatic Habitat (Continued)
Adaptations in Fish
Streamlined Body:
Reduces friction.
Fins:
For balance, steering, propulsion.
Gills:
For breathing underwater.
Scales:
Protection, reduces friction.
Swim Bladder:
Maintains buoyancy.
Desert Habitat
Adaptations in Cactus (Desert Plant)
Spines:
Modified leaves to reduce water loss and protect.
Fleshy Stem:
Stores water, performs photosynthesis.
Waxy Coating:
Prevents water loss.
Deep Roots:
Absorb water from large area.
Desert Habitat (Continued)
Adaptations in Camel (Desert Animal)
Hump:
Stores fat (produces water/energy).
Long Legs:
Keeps body away from hot sand.
Broad, Flat Feet:
Prevents sinking in sand.
Long Eyelashes/Closable Nostrils:
Protect from sandstorms.
Ability to Drink Large Amounts of Water:
Can drink up to 100 liters.
Tolerates High Body Temperature:
Reduces water loss through sweating.
Mountain Habitat
Adaptations in Trees (e.g., Pine, Fir)
Conical Shape:
Snow slides off easily.
Needle-like Leaves:
Reduce surface area, minimize water loss, prevent snow accumulation.
Thick, Waxy Coating:
Protects against cold, reduces water loss.
Mountain Habitat (Continued)
Adaptations in Mountain Goat
Strong Hooves:
Excellent grip on rocky slopes.
Thick Fur:
Insulation against cold.
Agile and Sure-footed:
Navigates treacherous terrain.
Air Habitat
Adaptations for Flight in Birds
Streamlined Body:
Reduces air resistance.
Hollow Bones:
Lightens body.
Wings:
Modified forelimbs for lift and propulsion.
Strong Flight Muscles:
Power wings.
Feathers:
Insulation, aid in flight, shape body.
Air Habitat (Continued)
Aerial Plants (e.g., Orchids)
Adaptations:
Develop aerial roots to absorb moisture from air or attach to surfaces for support.