1.2 Animal Tissues

Epithelial Tissue

• Location: Covers the body surface, lines internal organs and cavities.
• Function: Protection, secretion, absorption, and filtration.

Connective Tissue

• Bone:
  • Location: Forms the skeleton.
  • Function: Provides support, protection, and helps in movement.
• Cartilage:
  • Location: Found in the nose, ear, trachea, and at the ends of bones.
  • Function: Provides support and flexibility, and reduces friction at joints.
• Blood:
  • Location: Circulates throughout the body within blood vessels.
  • Function: Transports oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste products.
• Ligament:
  • Location: Connects bones to bones at joints.
  • Function: Provides stability to joints.
• Tendon:
  • Location: Connects muscles to bones.
  • Function: Transmits force from muscles to bones, enabling movement.

Muscular Tissue

• Striated (Voluntary or Skeletal Muscle):
  • Location: Attached to bones.
  • Function: Responsible for voluntary movements of the body.
• Unstriated (Involuntary/Smooth Muscle):
  • Location: Found in the walls of internal organs like the stomach, intestines, and blood vessels.
  • Function: Responsible for involuntary movements, such as digestion and blood flow.
• Cardiac (Specialized Muscle):
  • Location: Found only in the heart.
  • Function: Responsible for the rhythmic contractions of the heart, pumping blood throughout the body.

Nerve Tissue

• Parts of Neuron:
  • Cell Body (Soma): Contains the nucleus and other organelles.
  • Dendron (Dendrite): Short, branched extensions that receive nerve impulses from other neurons.
  • Axon: A long, slender projection that transmits nerve impulses away from the cell body to other neurons or effector cells.